To develop a system for specific purpose, it needs to estimate its parameters (parameterization). It can be used in different fields like engineering, industry etc. In this work, authors used adaptive algorithm to model a system that is applicable in industry for Control. This adaptive model is non-linear where its estimation is based on kernel based Least-mean square (LMS) algorithm. The kernel used as Polynomial and Gaussian. As the system is nonlinear polynomial kernel-based algorithm fails to prove its efficacy, though it is of low complexity approach. Gaussian kernel-based application for nonlinear system Control performance better as compared to polynomial kernel. Further its complexity is Reduced and used for faster performance. The result shows its performance in form of MSE, MAE, RMSE for identification and Control that is very useful in industrial application.

In this paper, a satellite attitude Control system (SACS) based on tube-based robust model predictive Control (TMPC) methodology is designed which is robust to bounded disturbances. All Euler angles and their derivatives are ensured not to deviate more than a determined limit under those disturbances with known bounds. It is conducted based on the concept of the minimal robust positive invariant (mRPI) set. Actuators and Euler variables constraints could be considered in the SACS. The dynamics are guaranteed to be robustly stable. Given that the satellite dynamics consists of a great number of states, it is not possible to implement a TMPC scheme on the SACS in real-time. The number of satellite system states in this article is 6. Which has practically increased the volume of calculations. In order to solve this challenge, the proposed solution of tube estimation is presented to reduce the volume of satellite calculations. With this estimation, the process of increasing the volume of computations for tube-based robust predictive Control design for satellite is stopped. For the desired system, simulation has been done in the presence of uncertain and limited disturbance. The results show satellite attitude Control by reducing the amount of computation when designing a tube-based robust Model predictive Control.

A common method for Controlling a group of parallel converters in decentralized Control strategy structure in an island microgrid, the use is the droop-down characteristics of frequency ω-P and voltage E-Q. However, the problem with using this method is that the reactive power is not properly distributed (in proportion to the capacity of the micronutrients) between the micronutrients, which may lead to overload in the converters. Microgrids may also suffer from dynamic stability problems such as power fluctuations, which can be increased by switching between active and reactive power Control. To avoid this problem, the X / R ratio of transmission lines is an important parameter that should be carefully considered in the design of micronutrient Controllers. By linearizing and simplifying conditions, the Control system conversion function model becomes a single input-single output system, which is efficient enough to show the relationship between Control parameters such as slope of droop characteristics and derivative sentences, virtual impedance, and voltage Controllers. Using this model, stability conditions for different parameters are analyzed. Also, to improve power distribution stability, common droop strategies are modified by adjusting the slope as well as adding nonlinear sentence sections. This approach reduces the coupling between active and reactive power Control and reduces the dependence of power distribution on grid parameters such as the X / R ratio. To evaluate the reliability of the proposed model, the simulation results in a sample island microgrid in MATLAB software are presented.

In this paper, optimal Control of vortex shedding behind square cylinder in laminar flow regime (Re=200) has been investigated. When Navier-Stokes equations are used as state equations, the discretization of the optimality system leads to large scale optimization problems that represent a tremendous computational task. In order to reduce the number of state variables during the optimization process, a Reduced-Order Model (ROM) based on POD modes is derived to be used as state equations. Then, these equations are modified by introducing a Control Function to ROM in order to gain equations which are suitable for optimal Control. Optimal trajectory for Control input has been found by employment of Quasi-linearization which is one of the numerical methods for solving optimal Control.  

A study was carried out over 2 years (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) in Greece, in order to evaluate the weed Control using Reduced rates of the herbicide mesosulfuron-methyl+iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium of four major weeds (Avena sterilis, Phalaris minor, Papaver rhoeas and Sinapis arvensis), grain yield and yield components of five wheat cultivars (Bob, Cosmodur, Meridiano, Quadrato and Simeto). The results indicated a significant differentiation between the several wheat cultivars regarding their weed competitive ability, in terms of dry biomass and seed production. In the case of cultivars such as Simeto the efficacy of 50% reduction of the herbicide recommended rate on wild oat remained high, since it resulted to a reduction of biomass and seed production up to 81 and 98% compared with the untreated plots. In most cultivars studied, the reduction of the herbicide rates by 25 to 50% resulted to a no significant reduction of grain yield compared to the recommended rate. The study revealed that some wheat cultivars with enhancing weed competitiveness can improve the efficacy of Reduced herbicide rates. Consequently, sustainable cropping systems could be further developed through the integration of such agronomic practices, while in parallel, care on the threat of herbicide resistance development should be also taken.

In order to have a healthy environment, high productivity and Reduced costs, it is essential to use lower rates of herbicides in chemical weed Control. To investigate the effects of Reduced rates of herbicides on weed Control and soybean yield, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete design with 11 treatments and four replications at experimental station of Agriculture College of Sari, Iran, during the growing season of 2000. Three herbicides were used at three rates each, namely, the recommended rate, 50 and 75% of the recommended rate of trit10uralin (pre - plant incorporation), bentazon, and sethoxydim (post emergence). Eleven treatments were triflouralin (pre - plant incorporation) at 0.84 kgailha (recommended rate), 0.63 and 0.42 kgai/ha, sethoxydim (post emergence) at 0.224 kgai/ha (recommended rate), 0.168, 0.112 kgai/ha and bentazon (post emergence) at 0.84 kgai/ha (recommended rate), 0.63, and 0.42 kgai/ha and two Control treatments of weed - free check and weedy - check. Considering soybean seed yield of weed free check, reduction of herbicide application is possible to 50 percent of recommended rate. All treatments could Control velvetleaf (Abutilon teophrasti) and pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) more than ninety percent (90%). The best grass Control was seen in 50% of the recommended rates of trit10uralin and sethoxydim. The herbicides had no adverse effect on soybean. With Reduced herbicide rates, both weed Control percentage and soybean yield did not show any significant difference in comparison to recommended rate.